Copyright Law of China
中华人民共和国著作权法
(Adopted at the 15th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People’s Congress on September 7, 1990; amended for the first time in accordance with the Decision on Amending the Copyright Law of the People’s Republic of China at the 24th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People’s Congress on October 27, 2001; amended for the second time in accordance with the Decision on Amending the Copyright Law of the People’s Republic of China at the 13th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eleventh National People’s Congress on February 26, 2010; and amended for the third time in accordance with the Decision on Amending the Copyright Law of the People’s Republic of China at the 23rd Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Thirteenth National People’s Congress on November 11, 2020)
（1990年9月7日第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十五次会议通过 根据2001年10月27日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十四次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国著作权法〉的决定》第一次修正 根据2010年2月26日第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十三次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国著作权法〉的决定》第二次修正 根据2020年11月11日第十三届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十三次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国著作权法〉的决定》第三次修正）
Chapter I General Provisions
第一章 总 则
Article 1 This Law is enacted, in accordance with the Constitution, for the purpose of protecting the copyright of authors in their literary, artistic and scientific works and the rights and interests related to copyright, encouraging the creation and dissemination of works conducive to the building of a socialist society that is advanced ethically and materially, and promoting the development and flourishing of socialist culture and sciences.
第一条 为保护文学、艺术和科学作品作者的著作权，以及与著作权有关的权益，鼓励有益于社会主义精神文明、物质文明建设的作品的创作和传播，促进社会主义文化和科学事业的发展与繁荣，根据宪法制定本法。
Article 2 Works of Chinese citizens, legal persons or unincorporated organizations, whether published or not, shall have copyright in accordance with this Law.
第二条 中国公民、法人或者非法人组织的作品，不论是否发表，依照本法享有著作权。
The copyright enjoyed by foreigners or stateless persons in any of their works under an agreement concluded between China and the country to which the authors belong or in which they have their habitual residences, or under an international treaty to which both countries are parties, shall be protected by this Law.
外国人、无国籍人的作品根据其作者所属国或者经常居住地国同中国签订的协议或者共同参加的国际条约享有的著作权，受本法保护。
Any work of foreigners and stateless persons published for the first time within the territory of China shall have copyright in accordance with this Law.
外国人、无国籍人的作品首先在中国境内出版的，依照本法享有著作权。
Any work of an author from a country that has not concluded any agreement with China or does not join an international treaty to which China is a party and any work of a stateless person, which is published for the first time in a member country of an international treaty to which China is a party, or simultaneously published in a member country of the treaty and in a non-member country, shall be protected by this Law.
未与中国签订协议或者共同参加国际条约的国家的作者以及无国籍人的作品首次在中国参加的国际条约的成员国出版的，或者在成员国和非成员国同时出版的，受本法保护。
Article 3 For purposes of this Law, the term “works” means intellectual achievements in the fields of literature, art and science, which are original and can be expressed in a certain form, including:
第三条 本法所称的作品，是指文学、艺术和科学领域内具有独创性并能以一定形式表现的智力成果，包括：
(1) written works;
（一）文字作品；
(2) oral works;
（二）口述作品；
(3) musical, dramatic, quyi, choreographic and acrobatic art works;
（三）音乐、戏剧、曲艺、舞蹈、杂技艺术作品；
(4) works of the fine arts and architecture;
（四）美术、建筑作品；
(5) photographic works;
（五）摄影作品；
(6) audiovisual works;
（六）视听作品；
(7) graphic works such as drawings of engineering designs, product designs, maps and sketches, and model works;
（七）工程设计图、产品设计图、地图、示意图等图形作品和模型作品；
(8) computer software; and
（八）计算机软件；
(9) other intellectual achievements conforming to the characteristics of the works.
（九）符合作品特征的其他智力成果。
Article 4 Copyright owners and copyright-related right owners may not violate the Constitution and laws, and may not harm public interests when exercising their rights. The State shall supervise and administrate the publication and dissemination of works in accordance with the law.
第四条 著作权人和与著作权有关的权利人行使权利，不得违反宪法和法律，不得损害公共利益。国家对作品的出版、传播依法进行监督管理。
Article 5 This Law shall not apply to:
第五条 本法不适用于：
(1) laws and regulations, resolutions, decisions and orders of State organs, other documents of a legislative, administrative or judicial nature and the official translations thereof;
（一）法律、法规，国家机关的决议、决定、命令和其他具有立法、行政、司法性质的文件，及其官方正式译文；
(2) mere information about facts or happenings; and
（二）单纯事实消息；
(3) calendars, numerical tables and forms of general use, and formulas.
（三）历法、通用数表、通用表格和公式。
Article 6 Measures for the protection of copyright in works of folk literature and art shall be formulated separately by the State Council.
第六条 民间文学艺术作品的著作权保护办法由国务院另行规定。
Article 7 The competent department of copyright of the State shall be responsible for the administration of copyright nationwide; the local competent departments of copyright at or above the county level shall be responsible for the administration of copyright in their respective administrative areas.
第七条 国家著作权主管部门负责全国的著作权管理工作；县级以上地方主管著作权的部门负责本行政区域的著作权管理工作。
Article 8 Copyright owners and copyright-related right owners may authorize collective administration organizations of copyrights to exercise their copyright or copyright-related rights. A collective administration organization of copyrights established in accordance with the law is a not-for-profit legal person, which may, upon authorization, claim rights in its own name for the copyright owners or the copyright-related right owners and participate as a party in litigation, arbitration or mediation activities concerning the copyright or copyright-related rights.
第八条 著作权人和与著作权有关的权利人可以授权著作权集体管理组织行使著作权或者与著作权有关的权利。依法设立的著作权集体管理组织是非营利法人，被授权后可以以自己的名义为著作权人和与著作权有关的权利人主张权利，并可以作为当事人进行涉及著作权或者与著作权有关的权利的诉讼、仲裁、调解活动。
Collective administration organizations of copyrights shall collect royalties from users based on the authorization. The standard for the collection of royalties shall be determined by the collective administration organizations of copyrights and representatives of the users through consultation; if consultation fails, the parties may file an application to the competent department of copyright of the State for a ruling; if the said parties are not satisfied with the ruling, they may bring a lawsuit in the people’s court, or the parties may directly bring a lawsuit in the people’s court.
著作权集体管理组织根据授权向使用者收取使用费。使用费的收取标准由著作权集体管理组织和使用者代表协商确定，协商不成的，可以向国家著作权主管部门申请裁决，对裁决不服的，可以向人民法院提起诉讼；当事人也可以直接向人民法院提起诉讼。
Collective administration organizations of copyrights shall regularly publicize to the public the collection and transfer of royalties, the withdrawal and use of management fees, and undistributed royalties and other overall situation, and establish a rights information inquiry system for the inquiry of right owners and users. The competent department of copyright of the State shall supervise and administrate the collective administration organizations of copyrights in accordance with the law.
著作权集体管理组织应当将使用费的收取和转付、管理费的提取和使用、使用费的未分配部分等总体情况定期向社会公布，并应当建立权利信息查询系统，供权利人和使用者查询。国家著作权主管部门应当依法对著作权集体管理组织进行监督、管理。
The way to establish collective administration organizations of copyrights, their rights and obligations, collection and distribution of royalties, and supervision and administration of them shall be prescribed separately by the State Council.
著作权集体管理组织的设立方式、权利义务、使用费的收取和分配，以及对其监督和管理等由国务院另行规定。
Chapter II Copyright
第二章 著作权
Section 1 Copyright Owners and Their Rights
第一节 著作权人及其权利
Article 9 Copyright owners include:
第九条 著作权人包括：
(1) authors; and
（一）作者；
(2) other natural persons, legal persons and unincorporated organizations enjoying copyright in accordance with this Law.
（二）其他依照本法享有著作权的自然人、法人或者非法人组织。
Article 10 Copyright includes the following personal rights and property rights:
第十条 著作权包括下列人身权和财产权：
(1) the right of publication, that is, the right to decide whether to make a work available to the public;
（一）发表权，即决定作品是否公之于众的权利；
(2) the right of authorship, that is, the right to claim authorship, and to have the author’s name mentioned in connection with the work;
（二）署名权，即表明作者身份，在作品上署名的权利；
(3) the right of alteration, that is, the right to alter or authorize others to alter one’s work;
（三）修改权，即修改或者授权他人修改作品的权利；
(4) the right of integrity, that is, the right to protect one’s work against distortion and mutilation;
（四）保护作品完整权，即保护作品不受歪曲、篡改的权利；
(5) the right of reproduction, that is, the right to produce one or more copies of a work by printing, photocopying, rubbing, sound recording, video recording, ripping, duplicating a photographic work, digitizing, or by other means;
（五）复制权，即以印刷、复印、拓印、录音、录像、翻录、翻拍、数字化等方式将作品制作一份或者多份的权利；
(6) the right of distribution, that is, the right to provide the original copy or reproduced copies of a work to the public by sale or donation;
（六）发行权，即以出售或者赠与方式向公众提供作品的原件或者复制件的权利；
(7) the right of rental, that is, the right to non-gratuitously permit others to temporarily use an audiovisual work, or the original or copies of a computer software, except where the software itself is not the main object of the lease;
（七）出租权，即有偿许可他人临时使用视听作品、计算机软件的原件或者复制件的权利，计算机软件不是出租的主要标的的除外；
(8) the right of exhibition, that is, the right to publicly display the original copy or reproduced copies of a work of fine arts or of a photographic work;
（八）展览权，即公开陈列美术作品、摄影作品的原件或者复制件的权利；
(9) the right of performance, that is, the right to publicly perform a work, and to publicly communicate the performance of a work by various means;
（九）表演权，即公开表演作品，以及用各种手段公开播送作品的表演的权利；
(10) the right of projection, that is, the right to publicly reproduce works of fine arts, photographic works, audiovisual works, or other works, by a projector, slide projector or any other technical equipment;
（十）放映权，即通过放映机、幻灯机等技术设备公开再现美术、摄影、视听作品等的权利；
(11) the right of broadcasting, that is, the right to publicly disseminate or rebroadcast works by wire or by wireless means, and to disseminate broadcast works to the public by loudspeaker or any other similar instruments for transmitting signs, sounds or images, but excluding the right mentioned in Subparagraph (12) of this paragraph;
（十一）广播权，即以有线或者无线方式公开传播或者转播作品，以及通过扩音器或者其他传送符号、声音、图像的类似工具向公众传播广播的作品的权利，但不包括本款第十二项规定的权利；
(12) the right of communication through information network, that is, the right to make a work available to the public by wire or by wireless means, so that the public may have access to the work at time and place chosen by them;
（十二）信息网络传播权，即以有线或者无线方式向公众提供，使公众可以在其选定的时间和地点获得作品的权利；
(13) the right of cinematography, that is, the right to fix a work on the medium by producing an audiovisual work;
（十三）摄制权，即以摄制视听作品的方法将作品固定在载体上的权利；
(14) the right of adaptation, that is, the right to modify a work to create a new one with originality;
（十四）改编权，即改变作品，创作出具有独创性的新作品的权利；
(15) the right of translation, that is, the right to transform the work from one language into another language;
（十五）翻译权，即将作品从一种语言文字转换成另一种语言文字的权利；
(16) the right of compilation, that is, the right to compile, by selection or arrangement, the works or fragments of works into a new work; and
（十六）汇编权，即将作品或者作品的片段通过选择或者编排，汇集成新作品的权利；
(17) other rights which shall be enjoyed by the copyright owners.
（十七）应当由著作权人享有的其他权利。
Copyright owners may authorize others to exercise the rights provided in Subparagraphs (5) to (17) of the preceding paragraph and receive remuneration in accordance with the agreements or the relevant provisions of this Law.
著作权人可以许可他人行使前款第五项至第十七项规定的权利，并依照约定或者本法有关规定获得报酬。
Copyright owners may transfer, wholly or in part, the rights provided in Subparagraphs (5) to (17) of the first paragraph of this Article and receive remuneration in accordance with the agreements or the relevant provisions of this Law.
著作权人可以全部或者部分转让本条第一款第五项至第十七项规定的权利，并依照约定或者本法有关规定获得报酬。
Section 2 Ownership of Copyright
第二节 著作权归属
Article 11 Unless otherwise provided by this Law, the copyright in a work shall belong to its author.
第十一条 著作权属于作者，本法另有规定的除外。
The author of a work is a natural person who creates the work.
创作作品的自然人是作者。
Where a work is created under the auspices of, representing the will, and under the responsibility of a legal person or unincorporated organization, such a legal person or unincorporated organization shall be deemed the author of the work.
由法人或者非法人组织主持，代表法人或者非法人组织意志创作，并由法人或者非法人组织承担责任的作品，法人或者非法人组织视为作者。
Article 12 The natural person, legal person or unincorporated organization whose name is affixed to a work shall be the author of the work and have corresponding rights in the work, unless there is proof to the contrary.
第十二条 在作品上署名的自然人、法人或者非法人组织为作者，且该作品上存在相应权利，但有相反证明的除外。
Authors and other copyright owners may register their works with the registration organs recognized by the competent department of copyright of the State.
作者等著作权人可以向国家著作权主管部门认定的登记机构办理作品登记。
The provisions of the preceding two paragraphs shall apply mutatis mutandis to the copyright-related rights.
与著作权有关的权利参照适用前两款规定。
Article 13 The copyright of a work created by adaptation, translation, annotation or arrangement of a preexisting work shall be enjoyed by the adapter, translator, annotator or arranger, provided that the exercise of such copyright does not infringe upon the copyright in the original work.
第十三条 改编、翻译、注释、整理已有作品而产生的作品，其著作权由改编、翻译、注释、整理人享有，但行使著作权时不得侵犯原作品的著作权。
Article 14 Where a work is created jointly by two or more authors, the copyright in the work shall be enjoyed jointly by the co-authors. A person who does not participate in the creation shall not be a co-author.
第十四条 两人以上合作创作的作品，著作权由合作作者共同享有。没有参加创作的人，不能成为合作作者。
The copyright of a joint work shall be exercised by the co-authors through consensus; where consensus cannot be reached and there are no justifiable reasons, no party shall prevent the other parties from exercising rights other than transferring, permitting others’ exclusive use of and pledging the copyright, but the proceeds obtained shall be reasonably distributed to all co-authors.
合作作品的著作权由合作作者通过协商一致行使；不能协商一致，又无正当理由的，任何一方不得阻止他方行使除转让、许可他人专有使用、出质以外的其他权利，但是所得收益应当合理分配给所有合作作者。
Where a joint work can be used separately, each co-author may be entitled to independent copyright in the part that he creates, provided that the exercise of such copyright does not infringe upon the copyright in the joint work as a whole.
合作作品可以分割使用的，作者对各自创作的部分可以单独享有著作权，但行使著作权时不得侵犯合作作品整体的著作权。
Article 15 A work created by compilation of several works, fragments of works or of data or other materials which do not constitute a work is a compilation when the selection or arrangement of the contents thereof reflect the originality. The copyright in such compilation shall be enjoyed by the compiler, provided that the exercise of such copyright does not infringe upon the copyright in the original works.
第十五条 汇编若干作品、作品的片段或者不构成作品的数据或者其他材料，对其内容的选择或者编排体现独创性的作品，为汇编作品，其著作权由汇编人享有，但行使著作权时，不得侵犯原作品的著作权。
Article 16 Whoever use a work created by adaptation, translation, annotation, arrangement or compilation of a preexisting work for publication, performance, or production of a sound or video recording, shall obtain permission from and pay remuneration to the copyright owner of the work and the copyright owner of the original work.
第十六条 使用改编、翻译、注释、整理、汇编已有作品而产生的作品进行出版、演出和制作录音录像制品，应当取得该作品的著作权人和原作品的著作权人许可，并支付报酬。
Article 17 The copyright of a cinematographic work or a television play work, which are audiovisual works, shall be enjoyed by the producer, but the scriptwriter, director, cameraman, lyricist, composer and other authors shall enjoy the right of authorship and shall be entitled to remuneration in accordance with the contracts concluded with the producer.
第十七条 视听作品中的电影作品、电视剧作品的著作权由制作者享有，但编剧、导演、摄影、作词、作曲等作者享有署名权，并有权按照与制作者签订的合同获得报酬。
The ownership of the copyright in audiovisual works other than those prescribed in the preceding paragraph shall be agreed upon by the parties concerned; where there is no agreement or the agreement is unclear, the copyright shall be enjoyed by the producer, but the author shall enjoy the right of authorship and the right to remuneration.
前款规定以外的视听作品的著作权归属由当事人约定；没有约定或者约定不明确的，由制作者享有，但作者享有署名权和获得报酬的权利。
The authors of the scripts, music and other audiovisual works that may be used separately shall be entitled to exercise their copyright separately.
视听作品中的剧本、音乐等可以单独使用的作品的作者有权单独行使其著作权。
Article 18 A work created by a natural person in the fulfillment of tasks assigned to him by a legal person or unincorporated organization is a work for hire. Unless otherwise provided in the second paragraph of this Article, the copyright in such a work shall be enjoyed by the author; but the legal person or unincorporated organization shall have priority to use the work within the scope of its professional activities. Within two years after the completion of the work, the author shall not, without the consent of the legal person or unincorporated organization, authorize a third party to use the work in the same manner as the legal person or unincorporated organization does.
第十八条 自然人为完成法人或者非法人组织工作任务所创作的作品是职务作品，除本条第二款的规定以外，著作权由作者享有，但法人或者非法人组织有权在其业务范围内优先使用。作品完成两年内，未经单位同意，作者不得许可第三人以与单位使用的相同方式使用该作品。
In any of the following cases, the author of a work for hire shall enjoy the right of authorship, while the legal person or unincorporated organization shall enjoy other rights included in the copyright and may reward the author:
有下列情形之一的职务作品，作者享有署名权，著作权的其他权利由法人或者非法人组织享有，法人或者非法人组织可以给予作者奖励：
(1) drawings of engineering designs and product designs, maps, sketch maps, computer software and other works for hire which are created mainly with the material and technical resources of the legal person or unincorporated organization and under its responsibility;
（一）主要是利用法人或者非法人组织的物质技术条件创作，并由法人或者非法人组织承担责任的工程设计图、产品设计图、地图、示意图、计算机软件等职务作品；
(2) works for hire created by employees of newspaper, periodical presses, news agencies, radio stations and television stations; or
（二）报社、期刊社、通讯社、广播电台、电视台的工作人员创作的职务作品；
(3) works for hire of which the copyright is enjoyed by the legal person or unincorporated organization in accordance with laws, administrative regulations or contracts.
（三）法律、行政法规规定或者合同约定著作权由法人或者非法人组织享有的职务作品。
Article 19 The ownership of the copyright in a commissioned work shall be stipulated in a contract between the commissioning party and the commissioned party. Where there is no explicit stipulation in the contract or no contract is concluded, the copyright in such a work shall belong to the commissioned party.
第十九条 受委托创作的作品，著作权的归属由委托人和受托人通过合同约定。合同未作明确约定或者没有订立合同的，著作权属于受托人。
Article 20 The transfer of ownership of the original work shall not change ownership of the copyright of the work, but the right to exhibit the original work of fine art or of a photographic work shall be enjoyed by the owner of the original work.
第二十条 作品原件所有权的转移，不改变作品著作权的归属，但美术、摄影作品原件的展览权由原件所有人享有。
Where an author transfers the ownership of the original copy of an unpublished work of fine art or photographic work, the transferee’s exhibition of the original copy does not constitute an infringement upon the author’s right of publication.
作者将未发表的美术、摄影作品的原件所有权转让给他人，受让人展览该原件不构成对作者发表权的侵犯。
Article 21 Where the copyright in a work belongs to a natural person, his rights in respect of the work as provided in Subparagraphs (5) to (17) of the first paragraph of Article 10 of this Law shall, after his death and during the term of protection provided in this Law, be transferred in accordance with the law.
第二十一条 著作权属于自然人的，自然人死亡后，其本法第十条第一款第五项至第十七项规定的权利在本法规定的保护期内，依法转移。
Where the copyright of a work belongs to a legal person or unincorporated organization, the rights provided in Subparagraphs (5) to (17) of the first paragraph of Article 10 of this Law shall, after the change or termination of the status of the legal person or unincorporated organization and during the term of protection provided in this Law, be enjoyed by the succeeding legal person or unincorporated organization which takes over its rights and obligations; where there is no succeeding legal person or unincorporated organization to take over the said legal person or unincorporated organization’s rights and obligations, the copyright shall be enjoyed by the State.
著作权属于法人或者非法人组织的，法人或者非法人组织变更、终止后，其本法第十条第一款第五项至第十七项规定的权利在本法规定的保护期内，由承受其权利义务的法人或者非法人组织享有；没有承受其权利义务的法人或者非法人组织的，由国家享有。
Section 3 Term of Protection of Rights
第三节 权利的保护期
Article 22 The term of protection of an author’s right of authorship, alteration and integrity shall be unlimited.
第二十二条 作者的署名权、修改权、保护作品完整权的保护期不受限制。
Article 23 In respect of a work of a natural person, the term of protection for the right of publication and the rights as provided in Subparagraphs (5) to (17) of the first paragraph of Article 10 of this Law shall be the life of the author and fifty years after his death, expiring on December 31 of the fiftieth year after his death. In the case of a joint work, the term shall expire on December 31 of the fiftieth year after the death of the last surviving author.
第二十三条 自然人的作品，其发表权、本法第十条第一款第五项至第十七项规定的权利的保护期为作者终生及其死亡后五十年，截止于作者死亡后第五十年的12月31日；如果是合作作品，截止于最后死亡的作者死亡后第五十年的12月31日。
For a work of a legal person or unincorporated organization, and a work for hire whose copyright (excluding the right of authorship) is enjoyed by a legal person or unincorporated organization, the term of protection for the right of publication shall be fifty years, expiring on December 31 of the fiftieth year after the completion of its creation; and the term of protection for the rights as provided in Subparagraphs (5) to (17) of the first paragraph of Article 10 of this Law shall be fifty years, expiring on December 31 of the fiftieth year after the first publication of such a work; but if a work is not published within fifty years after the completion of its creation, it shall no longer be protected by this Law.
法人或者非法人组织的作品、著作权（署名权除外）由法人或者非法人组织享有的职务作品，其发表权的保护期为五十年，截止于作品创作完成后第五十年的12月31日；本法第十条第一款第五项至第十七项规定的权利的保护期为五十年，截止于作品首次发表后第五十年的12月31日，但作品自创作完成后五十年内未发表的，本法不再保护。
For an audiovisual work, the term of protection for the right of publication shall be fifty years, expiring on December 31 of the fiftieth year after the completion of its creation; and the term of protection for the rights as provided in Subparagraphs (5) to (17) of the first paragraph of Article 10 of this Law shall be fifty years, expiring on December 31 of the fiftieth year after the first publication of such a work; but if a work is not published within fifty years after the completion of its creation, it shall no longer be protected by this Law.
视听作品，其发表权的保护期为五十年，截止于作品创作完成后第五十年的12月31日；本法第十条第一款第五项至第十七项规定的权利的保护期为五十年，截止于作品首次发表后第五十年的12月31日，但作品自创作完成后五十年内未发表的，本法不再保护。
Section 4 Limitations on Rights
第四节 权利的限制
Article 24 In the following cases, a work may be used without permission of, and without payment of remuneration to the copyright owner, provided that the name or appellation of the author and the title of the work are indicated, the normal use of the work is not affected and the legitimate rights and interests enjoyed by the copyright owner are not unreasonably prejudiced:
第二十四条 在下列情况下使用作品，可以不经著作权人许可，不向其支付报酬，但应当指明作者姓名或者名称、作品名称，并且不得影响该作品的正常使用，也不得不合理地损害著作权人的合法权益：
(1) use of a published work of another for purposes of personal study, research or appreciation;
（一）为个人学习、研究或者欣赏，使用他人已经发表的作品；
(2) appropriate quotation from a published work of another in one’s own work for the purpose of introducing or commenting a certain work, or illustrating a point;
（二）为介绍、评论某一作品或者说明某一问题，在作品中适当引用他人已经发表的作品；
(3) unavoidable reproduction or quotation from a published work in newspapers, periodicals, radio stations, television stations or other media for the purpose of reporting news;
（三）为报道新闻，在报纸、期刊、广播电台、电视台等媒体中不可避免地再现或者引用已经发表的作品；
(4) publication or broadcasting by newspapers, periodicals, radio stations, television stations or other media of current event articles on issues of politics, economy and religion, which have been published by other newspapers or periodicals, or broadcast by other radio stations or television stations, except where the copyright owner declares that such publication or broadcasting is not permitted;
（四）报纸、期刊、广播电台、电视台等媒体刊登或者播放其他报纸、期刊、广播电台、电视台等媒体已经发表的关于政治、经济、宗教问题的时事性文章，但著作权人声明不许刊登、播放的除外；
(5) publication or broadcasting by newspapers, periodicals, radio stations, television stations or other media of a speech delivered at a public gathering, except where the author declares that such publication or broadcasting is not permitted;
（五）报纸、期刊、广播电台、电视台等媒体刊登或者播放在公众集会上发表的讲话，但作者声明不许刊登、播放的除外；
(6) translation, adaptation, compilation, broadcasting, or reproduction in a small quantity of copies, of a published work by teachers or scientific researchers for use in classroom teaching or scientific research, provided that such a work shall not be published or distributed;
（六）为学校课堂教学或者科学研究，翻译、改编、汇编、播放或者少量复制已经发表的作品，供教学或者科研人员使用，但不得出版发行；
(7) use of a published work by a State organ to a reasonable scope for the purpose of fulfilling its official duties;
（七）国家机关为执行公务在合理范围内使用已经发表的作品；
(8) reproduction of a work in its collections by a library, archive, memorial hall, museum, art gallery, cultural center or similar institution for the purpose of display, or preservation of a copy of the work;
（八）图书馆、档案馆、纪念馆、博物馆、美术馆、文化馆等为陈列或者保存版本的需要，复制本馆收藏的作品；
(9) free performance of a published work for non-profit purposes, for which the public does not pay any fees and no remuneration is made to the performers;
（九）免费表演已经发表的作品，该表演未向公众收取费用，也未向表演者支付报酬，且不以营利为目的；
(10) copying, drawing, photographing or video-recording of a work of art put up or displayed in public places;
（十）对设置或者陈列在公共场所的艺术作品进行临摹、绘画、摄影、录像；
(11) translation of a published work of a Chinese citizen, legal person or unincorporated organization from the standard spoken and written Chinese language into minority nationality languages for publication and distribution in the country;
（十一）将中国公民、法人或者非法人组织已经发表的以国家通用语言文字创作的作品翻译成少数民族语言文字作品在国内出版发行；
(12) provision of published works to dyslexics in a barrier-free way through which they can perceive; and
（十二）以阅读障碍者能够感知的无障碍方式向其提供已经发表的作品；
(13) other circumstances as provided by laws and administrative regulations.
（十三）法律、行政法规规定的其他情形。
The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall apply to the copyright-related rights.
前款规定适用于对与著作权有关的权利的限制。
Article 25 Those who compile and publish textbooks for the purpose of implementing compulsory education or State education planning may, without permission of copyright owners, compile published fragments of works, short written works, musical works, a single work of fine art, photographic works, or graphic works in the textbooks, but shall pay remunerations to copyright owners according to the provisions, and indicate the names or appellations of authors and titles of works, and shall not infringe upon other rights enjoyed by the copyright owners in accordance with this Law.
第二十五条 为实施义务教育和国家教育规划而编写出版教科书，可以不经著作权人许可，在教科书中汇编已经发表的作品片段或者短小的文字作品、音乐作品或者单幅的美术作品、摄影作品、图形作品，但应当按照规定向著作权人支付报酬，指明作者姓名或者名称、作品名称，并且不得侵犯著作权人依照本法享有的其他权利。
The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall apply to the copyright-related rights.
前款规定适用于对与著作权有关的权利的限制。
Chapter III Copyright Licensing and Transfer Contracts
第三章 著作权许可使用和转让合同
Article 26 Anyone who uses a work of another shall conclude a licensing contract with the copyright owner, except where no license is required as provided in this Law.
第二十六条 使用他人作品应当同著作权人订立许可使用合同，本法规定可以不经许可的除外。
A licensing contract shall include the following main contents:
许可使用合同包括下列主要内容：
(1) types of rights licensed for use;
（一）许可使用的权利种类；
(2) the exclusive or non-exclusive nature of the right to exploit the work covered by the license;
（二）许可使用的权利是专有使用权或者非专有使用权；
(3) territorial scope and the term of the license;
（三）许可使用的地域范围、期间；
(4) rates of remuneration and the means of payment;
（四）付酬标准和办法；
(5) liability for breach of contract; and
（五）违约责任；
(6) other contents that both parties deem necessary to be agreed upon.
（六）双方认为需要约定的其他内容。
Article 27 Anyone who transfers any of the rights provided in Subparagraphs (5) to (17) of the first paragraph of Article 10 of this Law shall conclude a written contract.
第二十七条 转让本法第十条第一款第五项至第十七项规定的权利，应当订立书面合同。
A copyright transfer contract shall include the following main contents:
权利转让合同包括下列主要内容：
(1) title of the work;
（一）作品的名称；
(2) type and territorial scope of the transferred right;
（二）转让的权利种类、地域范围；
(3) transfer fee;
（三）转让价金；
(4) date and means of payment of the transfer fee;
（四）交付转让价金的日期和方式；
(5) liability for breach of contract; and
（五）违约责任；
(6) other contents that both parties deem necessary to be agreed upon.
（六）双方认为需要约定的其他内容。
Article 28 Where property rights under a copyright are pledged, both the pledger and the pledgee shall undergo pledge registration in accordance with the law.
第二十八条 以著作权中的财产权出质的，由出质人和质权人依法办理出质登记。
Article 29 Without the consent of the copyright owner, the other party may not exercise any right that the copyright owner has not explicitly licensed or transferred in the licensing and transfer contract.
第二十九条 许可使用合同和转让合同中著作权人未明确许可、转让的权利，未经著作权人同意，另一方当事人不得行使。
Article 30 The remuneration standards for the use of a work may be agreed upon by the parties and may also be paid in accordance with the standards fixed by the competent department of copyright of the State in conjunction with the relevant departments. Where the agreement between the parties is unclear, the remuneration shall be paid in accordance with the standards fixed by the competent department of copyright of the State in conjunction with the relevant departments.
第三十条 使用作品的付酬标准可以由当事人约定，也可以按照国家著作权主管部门会同有关部门制定的付酬标准支付报酬。当事人约定不明确的，按照国家著作权主管部门会同有关部门制定的付酬标准支付报酬。
Article 31 Publishers, performers, producers of sound and video recordings, radio stations, television stations and other entities that use works of others in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law may not infringe upon the rights of authorship, alteration, and integrity, and the right to remuneration of the authors.
第三十一条 出版者、表演者、录音录像制作者、广播电台、电视台等依照本法有关规定使用他人作品的，不得侵犯作者的署名权、修改权、保护作品完整权和获得报酬的权利。
Chapter IV Copyright-related Rights
第四章 与著作权有关的权利
Section 1 Publication of Books, Newspapers and Periodicals
第一节 图书、报刊的出版
Article 32 To publish a book, the book publisher shall conclude a publishing contract with and pay remuneration to the copyright owner.
第三十二条 图书出版者出版图书应当和著作权人订立出版合同，并支付报酬。
Article 33 With respect to a work delivered to a book publisher by the copyright owner for publication, the exclusive right to publish the work enjoyed by the book publisher as stipulated in the contract shall be protected by law, and the work may not be published by others.
第三十三条 图书出版者对著作权人交付出版的作品，按照合同约定享有的专有出版权受法律保护，他人不得出版该作品。
Article 34 A copyright owner shall deliver the work within the term stipulated in the contract. A book publisher shall publish the work in compliance with the publication quality and time limit as stipulated in the contract.
第三十四条 著作权人应当按照合同约定期限交付作品。图书出版者应当按照合同约定的出版质量、期限出版图书。
A book publisher that fails to publish the work within the time limit as stipulated in the contract shall bear civil liability according to the provisions of Article 61 of this Law.
图书出版者不按照合同约定期限出版，应当依照本法第六十一条的规定承担民事责任。
Where a book publisher reprints or republishes a work, it shall notify and pay remuneration to the copyright owner. Where the publisher refuses to reprint or republish the work after the stock of books is exhausted, the copyright owner has the right to terminate the contract.
图书出版者重印、再版作品的，应当通知著作权人，并支付报酬。图书脱销后，图书出版者拒绝重印、再版的，著作权人有权终止合同。
Article 35 Where a copyright owner has submitted the manuscript of his work to a newspaper or periodical publisher for publication and has not received any notification of the said newspaper’s or publisher’s decision to publish the work within 15 days from the newspaper or within 30 days from the periodical publisher, counted from the date of submission of the manuscript, the copyright owner may submit the manuscript of the same work to another newspaper or periodical publisher for publication, unless otherwise agreed by the parties .
第三十五条 著作权人向报社、期刊社投稿的，自稿件发出之日起十五日内未收到报社通知决定刊登的，或者自稿件发出之日起三十日内未收到期刊社通知决定刊登的，可以将同一作品向其他报社、期刊社投稿。双方另有约定的除外。
Except where the copyright owner declares that no reprinting or excerpting of his work is permitted, other newspaper or periodical publishers may, after the work is published by a newspaper or periodical publisher, reprint the work or print an abstract of it or print it as reference material, but shall pay remuneration to the copyright owner according to the provisions.
作品刊登后，除著作权人声明不得转载、摘编的外，其他报刊可以转载或者作为文摘、资料刊登，但应当按照规定向著作权人支付报酬。
Article 36 A book publisher may, with the permission of the author, modify or abridge the work.
第三十六条 图书出版者经作者许可，可以对作品修改、删节。
A newspaper or periodical publisher may make editorial modifications and abridgments in the language of a work. Any modification in the contents of the work shall be subject to permission of the author.
报社、期刊社可以对作品作文字性修改、删节。对内容的修改，应当经作者许可。
Article 37 A publisher shall be entitled to license others to use or prohibit others from using the format design of a book or periodical it has published.
第三十七条 出版者有权许可或者禁止他人使用其出版的图书、期刊的版式设计。
The term of protection for the right specified in the preceding paragraph shall be ten years, expiring on December 31 of the tenth year after the first publication of the book or periodical in which the format design is used.
前款规定的权利的保护期为十年，截止于使用该版式设计的图书、期刊首次出版后第十年的12月31日。
Section 2 Performance
第二节 表 演
Article 38 A performer who uses, for a performance, a work created by another shall obtain permission from and pay remuneration to the copyright owner. Where a performance organizer organizes a performance, the organizer shall obtain permission from and pay remuneration to the copyright owner.
第三十八条 使用他人作品演出，表演者应当取得著作权人许可，并支付报酬。演出组织者组织演出，由该组织者取得著作权人许可，并支付报酬。
Article 39 A performer shall, in respect of his performance, enjoy the following rights:
第三十九条 表演者对其表演享有下列权利：
(1) to claim performership;
（一）表明表演者身份；
(2) to protect his performance image from distortion;
（二）保护表演形象不受歪曲；
(3) to permit others to make live broadcasts or to publicly transmit his live performance, and receive remuneration therefor;
（三）许可他人从现场直播和公开传送其现场表演，并获得报酬；
(4) to permit others to make sound and video recordings, and receive remuneration therefor;
（四）许可他人录音录像，并获得报酬；
(5) to permit others to reproduce, distribute and lease the sound and video recordings of his performance, and receive remuneration therefor; and
（五）许可他人复制、发行、出租录有其表演的录音录像制品，并获得报酬；
(6) to permit others make his performance available to the public through information network, and receive remuneration therefor.
（六）许可他人通过信息网络向公众传播其表演，并获得报酬。
A licensee that is permitted to use a work in the manner provided in Subparagraphs (3) to (6) of the preceding paragraph shall, in addition, obtain permission from and pay remuneration to the copyright owner.
被许可人以前款第三项至第六项规定的方式使用作品，还应当取得著作权人许可，并支付报酬。
Article 40 A performance by a performer for the purpose of accomplishing the tasks assigned by his performing entity is a performance for hire, in which the performer shall enjoy the rights to claim performership and to protect his performance image from distortion, and the ownership of other rights shall be agreed upon by the parties. Where the parties have not reached an agreement or the agreement is unclear, the right to performance for hire shall be enjoyed by the performing entity.
第四十条 演员为完成本演出单位的演出任务进行的表演为职务表演，演员享有表明身份和保护表演形象不受歪曲的权利，其他权利归属由当事人约定。当事人没有约定或者约定不明确的，职务表演的权利由演出单位享有。
Where the right to performance for hire is enjoyed by performers, the performing entity may use the performance free of charge within the scope of its business.
职务表演的权利由演员享有的，演出单位可以在其业务范围内免费使用该表演。
Article 41 The term of protection for the rights provided in Subparagraphs (1) and (2) of the first paragraph of Article 39 of this Law shall not be limited.
第四十一条 本法第三十九条第一款第一项、第二项规定的权利的保护期不受限制。
The term of protection for the rights provided in Subparagraphs (3) to (6) of the first paragraph of Article 39 of this Law shall be fifty years, expiring on December 31 of the fiftieth year after the performance takes place.
本法第三十九条第一款第三项至第六项规定的权利的保护期为五十年，截止于该表演发生后第五十年的12月31日。
Section 3 Sound Recording and Video Recording
第三节 录音录像
Article 42 A producer of sound recordings or video recordings that uses, for making a sound recording or video recording, a work created by another shall obtain permission from and pay remuneration to the copyright owner.
第四十二条 录音录像制作者使用他人作品制作录音录像制品，应当取得著作权人许可，并支付报酬。
A producer of sound recordings that uses, for making a sound recording, a musical work which has been lawfully recorded as a sound recording by another, may do so without obtaining permission from the copyright owner, but shall pay remuneration to the copyright owner according to the provisions; such a work shall not be used where the copyright owner declares that such use is not permitted.
录音制作者使用他人已经合法录制为录音制品的音乐作品制作录音制品，可以不经著作权人许可，但应当按照规定支付报酬；著作权人声明不许使用的不得使用。
Article 43 When making a sound recording or video recording of a performance, the producer shall conclude a contract with and pay remuneration to the performer.
第四十三条 录音录像制作者制作录音录像制品，应当同表演者订立合同，并支付报酬。
Article 44 The producer of sound recordings or video recordings shall enjoy the right to permit others to reproduce, distribute or lease the sound recordings or video recordings and disseminate them to the public through information network and to receive remuneration therefor. The term of protection for such right shall be fifty years, expiring on December 31 of the fiftieth year after the completion of the recording for the first time.
第四十四条 录音录像制作者对其制作的录音录像制品，享有许可他人复制、发行、出租、通过信息网络向公众传播并获得报酬的权利；权利的保护期为五十年，截止于该制品首次制作完成后第五十年的12月31日。
A licensee that reproduces, distributes, and disseminates sound recordings or video recordings to the public through information network shall obtain permission from and pay remuneration to both the copyright owner and the performer; a licensee that leases sound recordings or video recordings shall also obtain permission from, and pay remuneration to the performer.
被许可人复制、发行、通过信息网络向公众传播录音录像制品，应当同时取得著作权人、表演者许可，并支付报酬；被许可人出租录音录像制品，还应当取得表演者许可，并支付报酬。
Article 45 Where sound recordings are disseminated through wired or wireless means, or broadcast to the public through technical equipment for transmitting sound, remuneration shall be paid to the sound recording producer.
第四十五条 将录音制品用于有线或者无线公开传播，或者通过传送声音的技术设备向公众公开播送的，应当向录音制作者支付报酬。
Section 4 Broadcasting by a Radio Station or Television Station
第四节 广播电台、电视台播放
Article 46 A radio station or television station that broadcasts an unpublished work created by others shall obtain permission from and pay remuneration to the copyright owners.
第四十六条 广播电台、电视台播放他人未发表的作品，应当取得著作权人许可，并支付报酬。
A radio station or television station that broadcasts a published work created by others do not need to obtain permission from the copyright owners, but shall pay remuneration to the copyright owners according to the provisions.
广播电台、电视台播放他人已发表的作品，可以不经著作权人许可，但应当按照规定支付报酬。
Article 47 A radio station and television station shall have the right to prohibit the following acts performed without its permission:
第四十七条 广播电台、电视台有权禁止未经其许可的下列行为:
(1) rebroadcasting the radio or television programs broadcast by it by wire or by wireless means;
（一）将其播放的广播、电视以有线或者无线方式转播；
(2) recording and reproducing the radio or television programs broadcast by it; and
（二）将其播放的广播、电视录制以及复制；
(3) disseminating the radio or television programs broadcast by it to the public through information network.
（三）将其播放的广播、电视通过信息网络向公众传播。
The exercise of the rights prescribed in the preceding paragraph by a radio station and television station shall not affect, restrict or prejudice others’ exercise of copyright or copyright-related rights.
广播电台、电视台行使前款规定的权利，不得影响、限制或者侵害他人行使著作权或者与著作权有关的权利。
The term of protection for the rights prescribed in the first paragraph of this Article shall be fifty years, expiring on December 31 of the fiftieth year after the broadcasting of a radio or television program for the first time.
本条第一款规定的权利的保护期为五十年，截止于该广播、电视首次播放后第五十年的12月31日。
Article 48 A television station that broadcasts audiovisual works or video recordings produced by others shall obtain permission from and pay remuneration to the copyright owners of the audiovisual works or the video producers; in the case of broadcasting video recordings produced by others, the television station shall also obtain permission from and pay remuneration to the copyright owners.
第四十八条 电视台播放他人的视听作品、录像制品，应当取得视听作品著作权人或者录像制作者许可，并支付报酬；播放他人的录像制品，还应当取得著作权人许可，并支付报酬。
Chapter V Protection of Copyright and Copyright-related Rights
第五章 著作权和与著作权有关的权利的保护
Article 49 In order to protect copyright and copyright-related rights, the right owner may take technical measures.
第四十九条 为保护著作权和与著作权有关的权利，权利人可以采取技术措施。
Without permission of the right owner, no organization or individual shall intentionally circumvent or destroy the technological measures, or manufacture, import or provide the relevant devices or components to the public for the purpose of circumventing or destroying the technological measures, or intentionally provide technical services for others to circumvent or destroy the technological measures, except for the circumstances under which such circumvention is permitted by laws or administrative regulations.
未经权利人许可，任何组织或者个人不得故意避开或者破坏技术措施，不得以避开或者破坏技术措施为目的制造、进口或者向公众提供有关装置或者部件，不得故意为他人避开或者破坏技术措施提供技术服务。但是，法律、行政法规规定可以避开的情形除外。
For the purposes of this Law, the term “technological measures” refers to the effective technologies, devices, or components that are used to prevent or restrict the viewing or appreciation of works, performances, sound and video recordings, or the provision of works, performances, sound and video recordings to the public through information network without the permission of the right owners.
本法所称的技术措施，是指用于防止、限制未经权利人许可浏览、欣赏作品、表演、录音录像制品或者通过信息网络向公众提供作品、表演、录音录像制品的有效技术、装置或者部件。
Article 50 Technological measures may be circumvented under the following circumstances, provided that technologies, devices or components used to circumvent technological measures are not provided to others, and that other rights enjoyed by the right owners in accordance with the law are not infringed:
第五十条 下列情形可以避开技术措施，但不得向他人提供避开技术措施的技术、装置或者部件，不得侵犯权利人依法享有的其他权利：
(1) providing a small amount of published works to teachers or scientific researchers for use in classroom teaching or scientific research, in the case that such works are not accessible through normal channels;
（一）为学校课堂教学或者科学研究，提供少量已经发表的作品，供教学或者科研人员使用，而该作品无法通过正常途径获取；
(2) providing, not for profit, published works to dyslexics in a barrier-free way through which they can perceive, in the case that such works are not accessible through normal channels;
（二）不以营利为目的，以阅读障碍者能够感知的无障碍方式向其提供已经发表的作品，而该作品无法通过正常途径获取；
(3) fulfillment of official duties by a State organ in accordance with the administrative, supervisory and judicial procedures;
（三）国家机关依照行政、监察、司法程序执行公务；
(4) testing the security performance of computers and their systems or networks; and
（四）对计算机及其系统或者网络的安全性能进行测试；
(5) conducting encryption research or research on reverse engineering of computer software.
（五）进行加密研究或者计算机软件反向工程研究。
The provisions of the preceding paragraph shall apply to restrictions on copyright-related rights.
前款规定适用于对与著作权有关的权利的限制。
Article 51 The following acts shall not be carried out without permission of the right owner:
第五十一条 未经权利人许可，不得进行下列行为：
(1) intentionally deleting or altering the rights management information on works, format designs, performances, sound or video recordings, or radio or television programs, except for those which cannot be avoided due to technical reasons; and
（一）故意删除或者改变作品、版式设计、表演、录音录像制品或者广播、电视上的权利管理信息，但由于技术上的原因无法避免的除外；
(2) making available to the public works, format designs, performances, sound or video recordings, or radio or television programs when the provider knows or should know that the rights management information attached thereto has been deleted or altered without permission.
（二）知道或者应当知道作品、版式设计、表演、录音录像制品或者广播、电视上的权利管理信息未经许可被删除或者改变，仍然向公众提供。
Article 52 Anyone who commits any of the following infringing acts shall, depending on the circumstances, bear civil liability such as ceasing the infringement, eliminating the effects of the act, making an apology or paying compensation for loss:
第五十二条 有下列侵权行为的，应当根据情况，承担停止侵害、消除影响、赔礼道歉、赔偿损失等民事责任：
(1) publishing a work without permission of the copyright owner;
（一）未经著作权人许可，发表其作品的；
(2) publishing a work of joint authorship as a work created solely by oneself, without permission of the other co-authors;
（二）未经合作作者许可，将与他人合作创作的作品当作自己单独创作的作品发表的；
(3) having one’s name mentioned in another’s work, without participating in the creation of the work in order to seek personal fame and gain;
（三）没有参加创作，为谋取个人名利，在他人作品上署名的；
(4) distorting or tampering with works of others;
（四）歪曲、篡改他人作品的；
(5) plagiarizing works of others;
（五）剽窃他人作品的；
(6) using a work by means of exhibition or production of an audiovisual work, or by means of adaptation, translation, annotation or similar means without permission of the copyright owner, unless otherwise provided in this Law;
（六）未经著作权人许可，以展览、摄制视听作品的方法使用作品，或者以改编、翻译、注释等方式使用作品的，本法另有规定的除外；
(7) using a work of another without paying remuneration as one should;
（七）使用他人作品，应当支付报酬而未支付的；
(8) leasing an audiovisual work, computer software, or the original or a copy of a sound or video recording, without permission of the copyright owner, the performer or the producer of the recording, unless otherwise provided in this Law;
（八）未经视听作品、计算机软件、录音录像制品的著作权人、表演者或者录音录像制作者许可，出租其作品或者录音录像制品的原件或者复制件的，本法另有规定的除外；
(9) using the format design of a published book or periodical, without permission of the publisher;
（九）未经出版者许可，使用其出版的图书、期刊的版式设计的；
(10) live broadcasting, publicly transmitting or recording a performance, without permission of the performer; or
（十）未经表演者许可，从现场直播或者公开传送其现场表演，或者录制其表演的；
(11) committing other acts infringing upon the copyright and the copyright-related rights.
（十一）其他侵犯著作权以及与著作权有关的权利的行为。
Article 53 Anyone who commits any of the following infringing acts shall, depending on the circumstances, bear civil liability prescribed in Article 52 of this Law; where public rights and interests are concurrently impaired by the infringement, the competent department of copyright shall order the infringer to stop infringement, give him a warning, confiscate his unlawful gains, and confiscate and harmlessly destroy the infringing copies and the materials, tools and instruments mainly used to produce the infringing copies, and may, where the illegal turnover exceeds 50,000 yuan, concurrently impose a fine of not less than one time but not more than five times the illegal turnover; where there is no illegal turnover or the illegal turnover is difficult to calculate or is less than 50,000 yuan, a fine of not more than 250,000 yuan may be imposed concurrently; where a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be investigated in accordance with the law:
第五十三条 有下列侵权行为的，应当根据情况，承担本法第五十二条规定的民事责任；侵权行为同时损害公共利益的，由主管著作权的部门责令停止侵权行为，予以警告，没收违法所得，没收、无害化销毁处理侵权复制品以及主要用于制作侵权复制品的材料、工具、设备等，违法经营额五万元以上的，可以并处违法经营额一倍以上五倍以下的罚款；没有违法经营额、违法经营额难以计算或者不足五万元的，可以并处二十五万元以下的罚款；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：
(1) without permission of the copyright owner, reproducing, distributing, performing, projecting, broadcasting, compiling a work or disseminating a work to the public through information network, unless otherwise provided in this Law;
（一）未经著作权人许可，复制、发行、表演、放映、广播、汇编、通过信息网络向公众传播其作品的，本法另有规定的除外；
(2) publishing a book whose exclusive right of publication is enjoyed by another;
（二）出版他人享有专有出版权的图书的；
(3) without permission of the performer, reproducing or distributing sound or video recordings of his performance, or making the performance available to the public through information network, unless otherwise provided in this Law;
（三）未经表演者许可，复制、发行录有其表演的录音录像制品，或者通过信息网络向公众传播其表演的，本法另有规定的除外；
(4) without permission of the producer, reproducing, distributing, disseminating sound or video recordings produced by him to the public through information network, unless otherwise provided in this Law;
（四）未经录音录像制作者许可，复制、发行、通过信息网络向公众传播其制作的录音录像制品的，本法另有规定的除外；
(5) without permission, broadcasting, reproducing or disseminating radio or television programs to the public through information network, unless otherwise provided in this Law;
（五）未经许可，播放、复制或者通过信息网络向公众传播广播、电视的，本法另有规定的除外；
(6) without permission of the copyright owner or copyright-related right owner, intentionally circumventing or destroying the technological measures, intentionally manufacturing, importing or providing to others the devices or components mainly used for the purpose of circumventing or destroying the technological measures, or intentionally providing technical services to others to circumvent or destroy the technological measures, unless otherwise provided in laws or administrative regulations;
（六）未经著作权人或者与著作权有关的权利人许可，故意避开或者破坏技术措施的，故意制造、进口或者向他人提供主要用于避开、破坏技术措施的装置或者部件的，或者故意为他人避开或者破坏技术措施提供技术服务的，法律、行政法规另有规定的除外；
(7) without permission of the copyright owner or copyright-related right owner, intentionally deleting or altering the rights management information on works, format designs, performances, sound or video recordings, or radio or television programs, or disseminating to the public the works, format designs, performances, sound or video recordings, or radio or television programs when the provider knows or should know that the rights management information has been deleted or altered, unless otherwise provided in laws or administrative regulations; or
（七）未经著作权人或者与著作权有关的权利人许可，故意删除或者改变作品、版式设计、表演、录音录像制品或者广播、电视上的权利管理信息的，知道或者应当知道作品、版式设计、表演、录音录像制品或者广播、电视上的权利管理信息未经许可被删除或者改变，仍然向公众提供的，法律、行政法规另有规定的除外；
(8) producing or selling a work the authorship of which is counterfeited.
（八）制作、出售假冒他人署名的作品的。
Article 54 In case of infringement upon the copyright or the copyright-related rights, the infringer shall make compensation on the basis of the actual loss suffered by the right owner or based on the illegal gains of the infringer; where the actual loss of the right owner or the illegal gains of the infringer are difficult to be calculated, compensation may be made by reference to the amount of royalties for that right. In case of intentional infringement upon the copyright or the copyright-related rights, if the circumstances are serious, compensation may be made not less than one time but not more than five times the amount determined according to the abovementioned methods.
第五十四条 侵犯著作权或者与著作权有关的权利的，侵权人应当按照权利人因此受到的实际损失或者侵权人的违法所得给予赔偿；权利人的实际损失或者侵权人的违法所得难以计算的，可以参照该权利使用费给予赔偿。对故意侵犯著作权或者与著作权有关的权利，情节严重的，可以在按照上述方法确定数额的一倍以上五倍以下给予赔偿。
Where the actual loss of the right owner, the illegal gains of the infringer or the royalties are difficult to be calculated, the people’s court shall, in light of the circumstances of the infringement, decide on a compensation not less than 500 yuan but not more than 5,000,000 yuan.
权利人的实际损失、侵权人的违法所得、权利使用费难以计算的，由人民法院根据侵权行为的情节，判决给予五百元以上五百万元以下的赔偿。
The amount of compensation shall also include the reasonable expenses paid by the right owner for stopping infringement.
赔偿数额还应当包括权利人为制止侵权行为所支付的合理开支。
Where the right owner has met the necessary burden of proof in order to determine the amount of compensation, the people’s court may order the infringer to provide the account books and materials related to the infringing act in the case that the account books and materials are mainly in the control of the infringer; if the infringer refuses to provide or provides the false account books and materials, the people’s court may determine the amount of compensation by reference to the claims and evidence provided by the right owner.
人民法院为确定赔偿数额，在权利人已经尽了必要举证责任，而与侵权行为相关的账簿、资料等主要由侵权人掌握的，可以责令侵权人提供与侵权行为相关的账簿、资料等；侵权人不提供，或者提供虚假的账簿、资料等的，人民法院可以参考权利人的主张和提供的证据确定赔偿数额。
When trying a case concerning a copyright dispute, the people’s court shall, at the request of the right owner, order the destruction of the infringing copies, except in special circumstances; order the destruction of the material, tools and instruments mainly used to produce infringing copies without compensation; or in special circumstances, the prohibition of the aforesaid material, tools and instruments, among others, from entering commercial channels without compensation.
人民法院审理著作权纠纷案件，应权利人请求，对侵权复制品，除特殊情况外，责令销毁；对主要用于制造侵权复制品的材料、工具、设备等，责令销毁，且不予补偿；或者在特殊情况下，责令禁止前述材料、工具、设备等进入商业渠道，且不予补偿。
Article 55 When investigating and dealing with the acts suspected of infringing upon copyright and copyright-related rights, the competent department of copyright may question the parties and investigate the circumstances related to the suspected illegal acts; conduct on-site inspections of the premises and articles involved in the suspected illegal acts; consult and duplicate contracts, invoices, account books and other materials related to the suspected illegal acts; and seal up or seize the premises and articles involved in the suspected illegal acts.
第五十五条 主管著作权的部门对涉嫌侵犯著作权和与著作权有关的权利的行为进行查处时，可以询问有关当事人，调查与涉嫌违法行为有关的情况；对当事人涉嫌违法行为的场所和物品实施现场检查；查阅、复制与涉嫌违法行为有关的合同、发票、账簿以及其他有关资料；对于涉嫌违法行为的场所和物品，可以查封或者扣押。
When the competent department of copyright exercises the functions and powers prescribed in the preceding paragraph in accordance with the law, the parties shall assist and cooperate, and shall not refuse or obstruct the exercise of such functions and powers.
主管著作权的部门依法行使前款规定的职权时，当事人应当予以协助、配合，不得拒绝、阻挠。
Article 56 Where a copyright owner or a copyright-related right owner has evidence to prove that another person is committing, or is about to commit, an infringement upon his rights or an act hindering the realization of his rights, and failure to stop such acts in a timely manner will cause irreparable damage to his legitimate rights and interests, he may, before bringing a lawsuit, apply to a people’s court in accordance with the law for taking such measures as preserving property, ordering performance of a specific act, or prohibiting a specific act.
第五十六条 著作权人或者与著作权有关的权利人有证据证明他人正在实施或者即将实施侵犯其权利、妨碍其实现权利的行为，如不及时制止将会使其合法权益受到难以弥补的损害的，可以在起诉前依法向人民法院申请采取财产保全、责令作出一定行为或者禁止作出一定行为等措施。
Article 57 In order to prevent infringement, a copyright owner or a copyright-related right owner may, before bringing a lawsuit, apply to a people’s court in accordance with the law for evidence preservation, where the evidence may be destroyed or lost or is difficult to be obtained later.
第五十七条 为制止侵权行为，在证据可能灭失或者以后难以取得的情况下，著作权人或者与著作权有关的权利人可以在起诉前依法向人民法院申请保全证据。
Article 58 When trying a case concerning the infringement upon copyright or the copyright-related rights, the people’s court may confiscate the illegal gains, the infringing copies and money and property used for illegal activities.
第五十八条 人民法院审理案件，对于侵犯著作权或者与著作权有关的权利的，可以没收违法所得、侵权复制品以及进行违法活动的财物。
Article 59 Where a publisher or producer of copies fails to prove that its publication or production is legally authorized, or a distributor of reproductions or a lessor of copies of an audiovisual work, computer software, sound recording or video recording fails to prove the legal source of the copies for distribution or lease, it shall bear legal liability.
第五十九条 复制品的出版者、制作者不能证明其出版、制作有合法授权的，复制品的发行者或者视听作品、计算机软件、录音录像制品的复制品的出租者不能证明其发行、出租的复制品有合法来源的，应当承担法律责任。
During the litigation process, where the defendant-infringer claims that he is not liable for the infringement, he shall present evidence to prove that he has obtained the permission of the right owner, or that he falls under the circumstances under which use is allowed without permission of the right owner as provided in this Law.
在诉讼程序中，被诉侵权人主张其不承担侵权责任的，应当提供证据证明已经取得权利人的许可，或者具有本法规定的不经权利人许可而可以使用的情形。
Article 60 A copyright dispute may be settled through mediation, or be submitted to an arbitration institution for arbitration under a written arbitration agreement between the parties or under the arbitration clause in the copyright contract.
第六十条 著作权纠纷可以调解，也可以根据当事人达成的书面仲裁协议或者著作权合同中的仲裁条款，向仲裁机构申请仲裁。
Where there is neither a written arbitration agreement between the parties nor an arbitration clause in the copyright contract, that parties may directly bring a lawsuit in a people’s court.
当事人没有书面仲裁协议，也没有在著作权合同中订立仲裁条款的，可以直接向人民法院起诉。
Article 61 The provisions of the relevant laws shall apply where the parties bear civil liability for failure to perform contractual obligations or failure to perform contractual obligations in conformity with the agreement, and where the parties exercise their litigation rights or apply for preservation, etc.
第六十一条 当事人因不履行合同义务或者履行合同义务不符合约定而承担民事责任，以及当事人行使诉讼权利、申请保全等，适用有关法律的规定。
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
第六章 附 则
Article 62 The term “copyright” as mentioned in this Law shall have the same meaning as “author’s right”.
第六十二条 本法所称的著作权即版权。
Article 63 The term “publication” as mentioned in Article 2 of this Law means reproduction and distribution of works.
第六十三条 本法第二条所称的出版，指作品的复制、发行。
Article 64 Measures for the protection of computer software and the right of communication through information network shall be formulated separately by the State Council.
第六十四条 计算机软件、信息网络传播权的保护办法由国务院另行规定。
Article 65 Where the protection period for photographic works, right of publication, and rights prescribed in Subparagraphs (5) to (17) of the first paragraph of Article 10 has expired before June 1, 2021, but they are still within the protection period according to the first paragraph of Article 23 of this Law, they shall no longer be protected.
第六十五条 摄影作品，其发表权、本法第十条第一款第五项至第十七项规定的权利的保护期在2021年6月1日前已经届满，但依据本法第二十三条第一款的规定仍在保护期内的，不再保护。
Article 66 The rights of copyright owners, publishers, performers, producers of sound recordings and video recordings, radio stations and television stations as provided in this Law of which the term of protection specified in this Law has not yet expired on the date this Law goes into effect, shall be protected in accordance with this Law.
第六十六条 本法规定的著作权人和出版者、表演者、录音录像制作者、广播电台、电视台的权利，在本法施行之日尚未超过本法规定的保护期的，依照本法予以保护。
Any act of infringement or breach of contract committed prior to the implementation of this Law shall be dealt with according to the relevant provisions in force at the time when such an act of infringement or breach of contract was committed.
本法施行前发生的侵权或者违约行为，依照侵权或者违约行为发生时的有关规定处理。
Article 67 This Law shall go into effect on June 1, 1991.
第六十七条 本法自1991年6月1日起施行。